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Endometriosis

The Causes & Stages of Endometriosis

Women touching lower abdomen

What Causes Endometriosis?

It’s estimated that up to 10 percent of women in the United States have endometriosis.

This disease usually causes pelvic pain, discomfort, fertility issues, and more. In this article, we’ll discuss some of the causes and stages of endometriosis.

Although the research is still in progress, there are a few factors that have been identified as a possible cause for endometriosis. The most likely cause of endometriosis is retrograde menstruation. This is where menstrual blood in the uterus flows back into the fallopian tubes, distributing endometrial cells into other areas of the body, such as the pelvis.

Another possible cause is transplantation of endometrial cells outside the uterus during surgeries such as hysterectomies or C-sections. This may be exacerbated if a patient has immune system issues which prevent the body from finding and destroying cells that are growing in the wrong place. Finally, it is thought that endometrial cells may transport throughout the body via the lymphatic system, or that embryonic cells still present during puberty may transform into endometrial cells.

The Stages of Endometriosis

Endometriosis has been classified by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine into four stages based on the location and amount of tissue affected: minimal, mild, moderate, and severe. Stages aren’t usually based on pain experienced, risk of infertility, or other symptoms. Instead, the stages are established based on the spread of the endometrial tissue, extent of the pelvic adhesions, and potential blockage of the fallopian tubes.

Do I have Endometriosis?

Are you unsure whether or not you may be experiencing endometriosis?  Consider the questions below:

  • Do you have pain that resembles severe menstrual cramps in your abdomen and/or lower back?

  • Does severe pain keep you from participating in everyday activities?

  • Are you experiencing pain during intercourse?

  • Do you have an abnormally heavy menstrual flow nearly every period?

  • Do you experience painful urination or bowel movements during periods?

  • Are you experiencing unexplained infertility?

When to See a Provider

If you are experiencing any of the signs of endometriosis, request, schedule an appointment with one of our providers.